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Site Report: Kodiak - Burma Road FUDS MMRP

Site Name: Kodiak - Burma Road FUDS MMRP
Address: Burma Road, Kodiak, AK 99619
File Number: 2601.38.090
Hazard ID: 2627
Status: Active
Staff: Erica Blake, 9074512182 erica.blake@alaska.gov
Latitude: 57.789978
Longitude: -152.407105
Horizontal Datum:NAD27

We make every effort to ensure the data presented here is accurate based on the best available information currently on file with DEC. It is therefore subject to change as new information becomes available. We recommend contacting the assigned project staff prior to making decisions based on this information.

Problems/Comments

The Kodiak Burma Rd Military Munitions Response Program (MMRP) site is a 2.25-mile stretch of road located on Kodiak Island, Alaska approximately 10 miles southwest of the City of Kodiak. During World War II (WWII) the station was a naval operating facility and small submarine base. After WWII, the facility became a repository and demolition/disposal area for ordnances. A preliminary survey was conducted at Burma Road in July of 1975 and a full-scale ordnance survey was recommended to be conducted. A site survey was conducted in 1985, and several suspected burn and burial sites were located. A preliminary site investigation was completed in 1999 and 2000. The field effort included assessing both the environmental contamination and presence of potential unexploded ordnance (UXO). In October/November 2000 additional data was collected where environmental contamination and UXO had been identified. All of the areas of concern (AOCs) investigated had metals (antimony, barium, lead, mercury, cadmium and silver) detected in the surface soil exceeding DEC’s Method Two migration to groundwater cleanup levels. In 2004, three monitoring wells were installed to assess groundwater impacts at three AOCs. Based on the historical use at the three AOCs involving open burn/open detonation (OB/OD), analytical samples were collected and analyzed for perchlorate and Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) metals. All groundwater sample results were below cleanup levels. A site inspection was completed in 2007 which recommended a remedial investigation (RI)/Feasibility Study (FS) to characterize all eleven identified munitions response sites (MRS). Primary exposure pathways of concern are the terrestrial exposure pathway and surface water pathway with potential receptors including recreational users and terrestrial animals. A remedial investigation to delineate the identified contamination, which will include completing a risk assessment, began in 2024.

Action Information

Action Date Action Description DEC Staff
7/3/1985 Update or Other Action (Old R:Base Action Code = RDRA - Remedial Design / Remedial Action). Contract awarded to Tryck Nyman Hayes for remedial design at Burma Road (added to main contract for Kodiak Defense Area). Final payment made 12/18/1987. Apparently, no further investigation or action taken beyond the design. This action added by Shannon and Wilson 11/20/1996. S&W-Miner
8/29/1985 Update or Other Action (Old R:Base Action Code = SI - Site Investigation). Site visit performed by Alaska District Corps of Engineers, Leisnoi, Inc., BLM, 176th EOD of Fort Richardson. Visit found ordnance debris and unexploded ordnance. This action added by Shannon and Wilson 11/20/1996. S&W-Miner
11/21/1996 Site Added to Database Ordnance and metals contamination in soil. Site added by Shannon and Wilson. S&W-Miner
2/19/1997 Preliminary Assessment Approved PA action added by Shannon and Wilson, Inc., on 2/19/97. Based on FUDS Site Summary dated 2/21/96, PA completed 7/86. S&W-Miner
2/19/1997 Update or Other Action (Old R:Base Action Code = RDRA - Remedial Design / Remedial Action). RDRA action added by Shannon and Wilson, Inc., on 2/19/97. Based on FUDS Site Summary dated 2/21/96, Burma Road was added to the Remedial Design (RD) of the Kodiak Defense Area. A/E contractor Tryck, Nyman Hayes. Apparently no further investigation or action was taken at this site beyond the design. S&W-Miner
11/29/1999 Site Ranked Using the AHRM Initial ranking. Justified Priority to High because of the presence of UXO. Jeff Brownlee
3/14/2000 Update or Other Action Site Justified because site contains unexploded ordnance which is an immediate physical hazard to humans and animals. Jeff Brownlee
11/7/2000 Meeting or Teleconference Held Comment resolution meeting on the draft OEW and environmental sampling work plan (Geophex, contractor for ADEC, assisted in review of the OE work plan). Work plan was not approved because of lack of definable DQOs and lack of QC plan (no prove out, etc). Jeff Brownlee
9/5/2001 Meeting or Teleconference Held Staff participated in a comment resolution meeting on the COE Burma Road UXO Site Investigation. The 2000 Alaska District investigation found unexploded ordnance (UXO) scrap at several areas of concern (AOC) along with subsurface anomalies. Subsurface anomalies were not excavated. The COE Huntsville district is funded to perform an investigation at this site and has completed the draft Archive Search Report (ASR). The ASR utilizes records and aerial photography to identify areas of concern to be further investigated. Some areas of elevated metals in soil (chromium and arsenic) were noted at a couple AOCs. Additional sampling in non-disturbed areas may be necessary to estimate the background of these metals in area soil. Jeff Brownlee
6/11/2003 Site Number Identifier Changed Changed Workplan from X8 to X2. Jeff Brownlee
10/27/2004 Meeting or Teleconference Held staff participated in a Kodiak Island Borough Assembly meeting to discuss the status of Formerly Used Defense Sites on the island. The Corps of Engineers also participated at the meeting. The DEC and COE contractor also participated in a public open house to solicit comments on the cleanup work being done on Kodiak. Turnout was light as is typical in Kodiak Jeff Brownlee
3/17/2005 Update or Other Action Contaminated Sites staff reviewed and commented on a groundwater monitoring report for the Burma Road Formerly Used Defense Site on Kodiak. Three monitoring wells were installed and sampled for a selection of metals and perchlorate. The site was a disposal/storage area and an Open Burn/Open Demolition area for ordnance during WWII. No contaminants were noted over cleanup levels Jeff Brownlee
6/14/2005 Update or Other Action File number issued 2601.38.090. Aggie Blandford
6/17/2005 Meeting or Teleconference Held Contaminated Sites staff participated in a public open house for Formerly Used Defense Sites on Kodiak Island. Staff also conducted several site inspections. Proposed Plans for the Little Navy Annex Site and the Cape Chiniak Site were introduced at the Kodiak Island Borough assembly meeting. The open house had a moderate amount of interest with several community members stopping by to discuss sites and pick up information. Jeff Brownlee
1/18/2006 Meeting or Teleconference Held Contaminated Sites staff participated in a Technical Planning Process meeting for the Burma Road Unexploded Ordnance Site on Kodiak. The meeting was attended by the COE, Alaska District and Huntsville District, both districts contractors and the DEC. This site is being evaluated to see if there is enough information to perform a desktop Site Investigation Report. Consensus is the site with have to go to Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study in the future. The group also traveled to Kodiak and took a helicopter tour of the site Jeff Brownlee
1/19/2006 Meeting or Teleconference Held Contaminated Sites staff participated in a Kodiak Island Borough Assembly meeting to discuss the recent documents available for the review and the field work the COE will be doing this summer in the island. The COE and DEC were interviewed on public radio to discuss the Kodiak projects and overall contaminated site cleanup process. There was also a public open house to give community members the opportunity to bring up concerns and ask questions in person. As typical for Kodiak turn out was light Jeff Brownlee
2/14/2006 Meeting or Teleconference Held Contaminated Sites staff participated in a Technical Planning Process meeting for the Burma Road Unexploded Ordinance Site on Kodiak. The meeting was attended by the COE, Alaska District and Huntsville District, both districts contractors and the DEC. This site is being evaluated to see if there is enough information to perform a desktop Site Investigation Report. Consensus is the site with have to go to Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study in the future. The group also traveled to Kodiak and took a helicopter tour of the site Jeff Brownlee
5/4/2006 Update or Other Action Contaminated Sites staff conducted a file review for a Military Munitions Response Program (MMRP) project on Kodiak Island. The Corps of Engineers would like to do a bench top Site Investigation (SI) and carry the site into the Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study (RI/FS) phase of the cleanup process. The DEC concurred that the file contains sufficient investigative and historical information to do a bench top SI Jeff Brownlee
5/24/2006 Update or Other Action Staff participated in site inspections with a Corps of Engineers Pacific Ocean Division representative on Kodiak Island. Several Formerly Used Defense sites were toured by helicopter including Burma Road, Long Island, Buskin Lake, Cape Chiniak Tracking Station and Little Navy Annex Jeff Brownlee
6/1/2006 Meeting or Teleconference Held Staff participated with the Corps of Engineers (COE) and their contractor in a public open house for the Formerly Used Defense Sites on Kodiak Island. We also attended the Kodiak Island Borough Assembly meeting. The COE gave a briefing on the work planned for this summer. The open house showed light interest which is normal for Kodiak. Staff also met with Coast Guard environmental personnel and inspected several sites on the Coast Guard Base Jeff Brownlee
7/14/2006 Update or Other Action Staff reviewed a Technical Planning Process document for the Burma Road Military Munitions Response Project (MMRP) on Kodiak Island. The document recommends doing a Site Investigation with existing information. When funding is programmed a Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study will be performed. Jeff Brownlee
9/26/2006 Update or Other Action Staff reviewed a draft Site Investigation Report (SI) for the Burma Road Military Munitions Response Program site on Kodiak. This SI incorporates previous studies including the Archive Search Report, several site visits and investigations that included soil sampling, groundwater monitoring and magnetometer surveys. The report recommends several areas of concern (AOC) for No Department of Defense Action Indicated (NDIA) or Conditional Closure. Eight AOCs are recommended to be carried into a Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study Jeff Brownlee
1/18/2007 Meeting or Teleconference Held Contaminated Sites staff participated in a Technical Planning Process (TPP) meeting for the Burma Road Military Munitions Response Program (MMRP) site on Kodiak. Meeting participants included the BLM, Rock Island District and Alaska District of the Corps of Engineers and DEC. The team discussed the recently completed Site Investigation Report and went over the munitions prioritization protocol for the site. The next phase of the project will be a Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study, but due to funding competition it is unlikely the project will be funded for several years Jeff Brownlee
3/19/2007 Exposure Tracking Model Ranking Jeff Brownlee
1/22/2009 Meeting or Teleconference Held Contaminated Sites staff participated with the Corps of Engineers in a Kodiak Island Borough Assembly meeting and a public open house to discuss Formerly Used Defense Sites on Kodiak Island. An update was provided on sites currently being worked on including Drury Gulch, Buskin Beach, Airport Staging Area, and Building A-711 Jeff Brownlee
12/2/2016 Meeting or Teleconference Held ADEC contaminated sites program staff participated in a teleconference with representatives from the USCG to discuss the current status of the FUDS cleanup based upon the previous work conducted to date; and also to discuss the Army Corps of Engineers' prospective schedules for future cleanup work and paths forward. The USCG expressed their concerns to ADEC with regard to potential increased human exposure and safety risks associated with the Burma Road FUDS areas of concern based upon what the USCG has observed to be a significant increase in public use (i.e. hikers, ATVs, etc.) in recent years. As a follow up action, ADEC requested the Army Corps to conduct an evaluation and update stakeholders on the site's status; including current land use, residual contamination, non-characterized areas, and prioritization. Curtis Dunkin
8/3/2017 Site Visit ADEC contaminated sites program staff participated in an annual project delivery team planning meeting in Kodiak for the Kodiak FUDS and participated in a limited site visit and visual inspection of the Burma Road areas. ADEC, the USCG, and Army Corps discussed the current status of the FUDS cleanup based upon the previous work conducted to date as well as the Army Corps' prospective schedules for future cleanup work and paths forward. The USCG has observed a significant increase in public use (i.e. hikers, ATVs, etc.) in recent years. The Army Corps is currently conducting an evaluation to provide an update to stakeholders on the site's status; including current land use, residual contamination, non-characterized areas, and prioritization. Curtis Dunkin
3/7/2019 Update or Other Action ADEC conducted a comprehensive internal records review to evaluate the historical investigations and cleanup activities that have been conducted by the Army Corps of Engineers in order to establish whether or not available records regarding the site characterization and cleanup are adequate for ADEC and other stakeholders to make path forward decisions and to determine what further work may be necessary to achieve protectiveness and closure. ADEC submitted an action letter to the Army Corps of Engineers requesting an internal FUDS review of the historical work and site status, and for the Army Corps to schedule a technical planning meeting with the Army Corps, ADEC, and USCG to reconcile their respective records and evaluate additional actions that may be necessary. Curtis Dunkin
8/20/2019 Site Visit ADEC traveled to Kodiak, AK to participate in two days of annual project delivery team meetings and conduct site inspections with representatives from EPA, USACE, USCG, and their respective technical contract support. Curtis Dunkin
8/11/2020 Meeting or Teleconference Held ADEC participated in an annual planning meeting with representatives from the Army Corps of Engineers, the US Coast Guard, and the Environmental Protection Agency for the purpose of providing respective status updates on the site action prioritization and project implementation schedules for all four Kodiak Buskin Beach and the Burma Road Formerly Used Defense Sites. Curtis Dunkin
8/12/2020 Update or Other Action ADEC participated in a technical planning and project prioritization meeting with representatives from the Army Corps of Engineers, US Coast Guard, and Environmental Protection Agency to discuss the planned additional remedial investigation work at the Burma Road sites that the FUDS program has requested funding for and anticipates authorizing in fiscal years 2021-22. Curtis Dunkin
11/17/2021 Meeting or Teleconference Held ADEC participated in a kickoff Systematic Project Planning meeting with stakeholder representatives from USACE, BLM, USCG, and respective contracted technical support representatives to provide input for the remedial investigation and cleanup work that is currently programmed by USACE for implementation over the next several years. Curtis Dunkin
12/22/2021 Document, Report, or Work plan Review - other ADEC reviewed the meeting minutes from the 11/17/21 Systematic Project Planning meeting with stakeholder representatives from USACE, BLM, and USCG, along with reviews of the draft conceptual site model and submitted review comments to USACE. Curtis Dunkin
3/23/2022 Document, Report, or Work plan Review - other ADEC reviewed responses to comments and the revised documents for the preliminary draft contaminated sites model worksheets 10 and 11 and the 2021 Systematic Project Planning meeting minutes and submitted acceptance and approvals to the Army Corps of Engineers. Curtis Dunkin
11/21/2022 Meeting or Teleconference Held DEC attended a Systematic Project Planning (SPP) Meeting (third one) to discuss the planned remedial investigation for the Kodiak - Burma Road FUDS MMRP site. Several individuals from various agencies attended. The purpose of the meeting was to discuss the project goals and site details, the conceptual site model, data quality objectives, munitions and explosives of concern (MEC) approach, munitions constituent sampling design, remedial investigation fieldwork and a tentative project schedule and timeline. Erica Blake
1/11/2023 Document, Report, or Work plan Review - other DEC provided review comments from UXO Pro on the systematic project planning (SPP) meeting #3 to the U.S. Army Corp of Engineers (USACE). USACE responded they will pass the comments along to the project team for consideration in preparing the final meeting minutes from the November 11, 2023. Erica Blake
4/11/2023 Document, Report, or Work plan Review - other DEC conducted a review of the "Draft Biological Resources Work Plan, Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study/Proposed Plan/Decision Document, Burma Road Formerly Used Defense Site Kodiak Island, Alaska (dated March 2023)" and "Draft Cultural Resources Work Plan, Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study/Proposed Plan/Decision Document, Burma Road Formerly Used Defense Site Kodiak Island, Alaska (dated March 2023)." DEC had no regulatory comments to provide on the two work plans and requested the U.S. Army Corp of Engineers provide DEC with clean final documents for the DEC files. Erica Blake
2/14/2024 Meeting or Teleconference Held DEC participated in a systematic project planning (SPP) meeting with the U.S. Army Corp of Engineers (USACE), U.S. Coast Guard (USCG), Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and contractors to discuss the forthcoming Munitions Response - Quality Assurance Project Plan and an upcoming public meeting planned to be held in Kodiak, Alaska on February 15, 2024. Erica Blake
2/15/2024 Site Visit DEC joined U.S. Army Corp of Engineers (USACE) and their contractors on a brief site visit to the two areas where the Burma Rd starts/ends. The path to access Burma Rd was icy, so the site visit was mainly to observe the landscape and terrain on either ends of the road. Erica Blake
2/15/2024 Meeting or Teleconference Held DEC attended a public meeting at the Best Western Hotel in Kodiak, Alaska. The public meeting was to provide information on the forthcoming Munitions Response - Quality Assurance Project Plan and address any questions or comments about the project from residents in the area. The U.S. Army Corp of Engineers and their contractors were the ones presenting on the project. Erica Blake
5/3/2024 Document, Report, or Work plan Review - other DEC provided comments for the "Draft Final Munitions Response – Quality Assurance Project Plan (MR-QAPP), Formerly Used Defense Site Burma Road Military Munitions Response Program, (dated March 2024) to the U.S. Army Corp of Engineers (USACE). There were several comments provided seeking clarification on approach to investigation of munitions at the five munitions response sites. Project work under this MR-QAPP will be completed in two-phases, with the first (primarily geophysical surveys) to be completed this upcoming 2024 field season. Erica Blake
5/31/2024 Document, Report, or Work plan Review - other DEC reviewed and provided responses to comments for the redline Final Munitions Response – Quality Assurance Project Plan (MR-QAPP), Formerly Used Defense Site Burma Road Military Munitions Response Program, (dated May 2024) to the U.S. Army Corp of Engineers (USACE). Most of the comments were addressed, however DEC requested a full version with all appendices be provided for completing a comment backcheck, and requested further discussion and resolution on a couple comment responses regarding documentation of munitions debris. Erica Blake
7/5/2024 Document, Report, or Work plan Review - other DEC provided approval for the Final Munitions Response – Quality Assurance Project Plan (MR-QAPP), Formerly Used Defense Site Burma Road Military Munitions Response Program, (dated June 2024) to the U.S. Army Corp of Engineers (USACE). The MR-QAPP was approved with the expectation that DEC is notified about any deviations and provided any work plan addendums prior to the 2025 work if there are project changes or updates. The first phase of the project is expected to begin during the 2024 field season. Erica Blake

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