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Site Report: ERA Aviation Deadhorse Spill

Site Name: ERA Aviation Deadhorse Spill
Address: Deadhorse Airport, ERA Aviation Terminal, Deadhorse, AK 99734
File Number: 300.38.151
Hazard ID: 2954
Status: Active
Staff: Andrea Carlson, 9074515174 andrea.carlson@alaska.gov
Latitude: 70.198887
Longitude: -148.451942
Horizontal Datum:WGS84

We make every effort to ensure the data presented here is accurate based on the best available information currently on file with DEC. It is therefore subject to change as new information becomes available. We recommend contacting the assigned project staff prior to making decisions based on this information.

Problems/Comments

In 1997, 10 to 12 gallons of Jet-B fuel released into the subsurface soil from the fuel hydrant piping system leak between the west and east hangers. Elevated levels of BTEX, GRO and DRO was encountered in groundwater and soil collected from soil borings during the release investigation. Cross reference file 300.02.259. Lot 5A, Block 900.

Action Information

Action Date Action Description DEC Staff
7/25/1997 Update or Other Action ERA reported between 10 and 50 gallons of Jet B fuel leaked and contaminated soil (i.e., at a hydrant between the West and East Hangers). ERA noted that the spill was due to a leaking fuel filter. Randy Rogers
8/6/1997 Update or Other Action ERA revised their report and noted that about 10-12 gallons had leaked. ERA noted that it had recovered 2-55 galllon drums of soil with moderate contamination, soil was tested, and contaminated soil sent to AIC for thermal treatment. Randy Rogers
10/6/1997 Site Characterization Workplan Approved ADEC noted that it had received a release investigation report prepared by Gilfilian dated 10/1/97. The report included recommendations for further work including a proposal to leave the contamination in place until the 1998 field season but stabilizing the site in the meantime. ADEC approved of the work plan. The Gilfilian report noted that two samples contained DRO up to 2,810 mg/kg, GRO up to 2,620 mg/kg, and benzene up to 1.06 mg/kg. Randy Rogers
7/27/1998 Cleanup Plan Approved ADEC approved ERA's cleanup plan (which was dated 7/23/98). Randy Rogers
9/8/1998 Update or Other Action ADEC received a status report via fax from Gilfilian dated 9/8/98 on that date reporting findings from the 1998 investigation of the spill. The report noted that sampling showed that contamination remains under the hanger to the east of the hydrant and under the arctic walkway located adjacent to the hydrant to the north. The report noted that groundwater monitoring wells were installed. Randy Rogers
9/18/1998 Update or Other Action ADEC received a Gilfilian "Preliminary report on Removal of Contaminated Soil and Release Investigation" dated 9/18/98. The report noted that petroleum was found in the soil and pore groundwater. Randy Rogers
11/10/1998 Update or Other Action ADEC received a Gilfilian report titled "Further Delineation of Contamination" dated 11/10/98. The plan noted that because petroleum was found earlier, that Gilfilian planned to continue the delineation of the soil to define the release area. Randy Rogers
1/27/1999 Update or Other Action On 1/28/99, ADEC received a Gilfilian report titled "Phase II Delineation of Jet B Release" dated 1/27/99. The report noted that the further delineation had been performed to the 11/98 plan for soil and groundwater. Also, it was determined that the piping may have leaked so a line tightness test was performed which was satisfactory. 3 soil samples were collected that showed benzene up to 7.1 ppm, BTEX up to 75.48 ppm, GRO up to 1,300 ppm, and DRO up to 428 ppm. Groundwater from five locations were collected and results are the following: benzene up to 12.6 mg/l, toluene up to 14.9 mg/l, ethylbenzene up to 3.61 mg/l, xylenes up to 12.41 mg/l, GRO up to 419 mg/l and DRO up to 19.4 mg/l. Randy Rogers
1/27/1999 Update or Other Action ERA Aviation requests meeting with CSRP staff to discuss next phase of clean-up. Bruce Wanstall
11/16/1999 Site Added to Database Jet-B release to subsurface soil from fuel hydrant leak. Meilani Clark
1/9/2001 Site Ranked Using the AHRM Preliminary ranking. Bruce Wanstall
3/5/2001 Update or Other Action File number updated from 300.02.259 to 300.38.151. Mitzi Read
4/25/2001 Update or Other Action Notice of Intent filed for the Voluntary Cleanup Program. Cleanup proposal includes decommissioning of USTs and associated buried fuel transfer lines. The proposal included a VCP application and a Gilfilian report dated 1/31/01 titled "Environmental Review of Aboveground Storage Tank System" to ERA. The Gilfilian report summarized data collected during 1998 in which reported GRO levels up to 1,550 mg/kg and DRO up to 2,073.1 mg/kg. Bruce Wanstall
6/29/2001 Update or Other Action Program acceptance denial letter. No department requirements or guidance for pressure testing underground distribution systems. Bruce Wanstall
6/29/2001 Update or Other Action CSRP coordinated with Andrew Niemiec of DOT regarding the 6/27/01 ERA/Gilfilian proposal to abandon the fuel line in place at Deadhorse. CSRP provided a copy of the proposal via fax to Niemiec. CSRP staff also discussed the proposal with Sig Colberg of IPP and Linda Neuchterlein of UST. CSRP also called Gilfilian's Project Manager Darci Bowers of CSRP's actions including that the project was ineligible for its VCP. Sundet informed Bowers to contact either Frechione and/or Colberg on further details as he was on leave to the end of July. Bowers also was requested or ERA to coordinate with DOT to ensure that the line would be allowed to be abandoned in place by DOT. ADEC would need to know that information prior to approving the plan. Rich Sundet
8/1/2001 Update or Other Action CSRP coordinated with Darren Mulkey of DOT regarding the ERA/Gilfilian proposal to abandon the fuel line in place at Deadhorse. CSRP staff also obtained Sig Colberg of IPP's review of Gilfilian's 6/27/01 proposal to test the fuel line for tightness. CSRP staff later provided verbally and by fax comments to Darci Bowers of Gilfilian regarding the proposed removal and testing of the area around the two AGTs, four hydrants and the 600 foot long fuel line. CSRP 1) Suggested that the duration of the line testing occur for 8 hours as noted in API guidance document 570, CSRP faxed to Bowers API document 570 and 1110 noting that document #1110 provides detailed guidance how to perform the hydrostatic testing of the line; 2) Analyze soil samples also for AK 103; 3) Clarify how many samples per area, currently the plan says 1/area and may be more (especially if samples will be used for closure purposes); 4) What will be cleanup method requested i.e., Method 1 for the Arctic Zone or Method 2? If Method 2 or 3, PAHs will also need to be addressed. (Bowers noted during the phone conversation that she did not know what underlying purpose for the testing proposed by ERA whether further characterization or for closure); 5) On the fax, CSRP also noted (in addition to the comments above also conveyed verbally), what will be done with the debris e.g., washing the fuel off the debris to be disposed of as scrap metal, disposal of any sludge in the tanks? Bowers noted during the phone conversation that a revised plan would be submitted. Rich Sundet
8/8/2001 Site Characterization Workplan Approved CSRP approved with conditions a work plan dated 8/6/2001 prepared by ERA's consultant Gilfilian Engineering. The plan was emailed to ADEC on that date. The plan called for the removal of two 12,500 gallon ASTs and four hydrants as well as soil assessment at those areas. The plan also specified that the about 600 foot of associated fuel lines would be line tightness tested. ADEC requested a final report be submitted by 10/15/01. ADEC coordinated with Darren Mulkey of DOT on 8/7 and 8 in the review of this work plan. ADEC also discussed the plan with Darci Bowers of Gilfilian on 8/7. Rich Sundet
8/8/2001 Update or Other Action Sundet coordinated with Mitzi Read of CSRP regarding the apparent discrepancy of spill numbers between what was on the ADEC CSRP database and that which is in the written file on this site. The CSRP database stated that the spill ID was 97360120201, however, the written file including shown in PERP letters, the spill ID is 97399920201. Read confirmed with Ed Meggert of PERP who noted that he was intimately involved in that spill and that there was only one spill at the ERA Deadhorse site, and it was incorrectly logged at one time within PERP as 97360120201. Meggert noted that PERP upon realizing that the spill ID was incorrect, had changed the spill number to the correct ID, which is 97399920201. All correspondence regarding this spill should be changed to correctly identify this spill as 97399920201. Rich Sundet
8/21/2001 Update or Other Action On 8/16/01, Darci Bowers of Gilfilian provided via email a response to the conditions noted in CSRP's 8/8/01 approval letter. Gilfilian noted that they would comply with conditions with 2-4, however, noted that the two 12,500 gallon AGTs would not be dismantled but would be reused and given to their contractor and it will be unknown whether the tanks contain sludge. On 8/21/01, CSRP provided via email comments regarding Gilfilian's 8/16 response to condition #1. CSRP also requested that ERA coordinate with DOT on the activity and that SPCC regulations may be applicable to the project. Rich Sundet
11/27/2001 Update or Other Action Site Assessment During Closure of Aboveground Fuel System Report, dated November 2, 2001 submitted by Giflian engineering and recieved by the ADEC on this date Grant Lidren
3/6/2003 Update or Other Action Continued Release Investigation Report dated February 21, 2003, submitted by Oasis and recieved by ADEC on this date. Grant Lidren
2/11/2004 Update or Other Action File number changed from 300.38.165 to 300.38.151. Sarah Cunningham
3/1/2004 Update or Other Action 2003 Annual Monitoring Report dated February 27, 2004, submitted by Oasis, and recieved by ADEC on this date. Grant Lidren
11/29/2004 Update or Other Action 2004 Annual Monitoring Report dated November 12, 2004, submitted by Oasis and recieved by ADEC on this date. Grant Lidren
7/28/2005 GIS Position Updated GIS Position Update was not added during site intake. Lat/Long was verified using TopozonePro at a 1:50,000 scale with a large size map, NAD83, no topo base map. Sarah Cunningham
6/27/2006 Update or Other Action Groundwater monitoring conducted from 2001 to 2004 show a generally stable plume. In 2004, petroleum hydrocarbons were detected above Table C in each of the 5 wells sampled with the following maximum concentrations: DRO 5.7 mg/l in MW G-14, GRO 111 mg/l in MW G-14, benzene 11.9 mg/l in MW G-13. Bill O'Connell
7/20/2007 Exposure Tracking Model Ranking Bill O'Connell
8/15/2008 Update or Other Action Per communication with ERA, The ADEC has requested a copy of the 2005 Monitoring Report as well as a workplan from Oasis, which needs ADEC approval. Grant Lidren
8/29/2008 Update or Other Action 2005 Annual Monitoring Report Lot 5A Block 900 Deadhorse, AK, submitted by Oasis, dated January 3, 2007 and recieved by ADEC on this date. Petroleum hydrocarbons were detected above Table C in 4 of the 5 wells sampled with the following maximum concentrations: DRO 6.26 mg/l in MW G-18 (increase from 2003), GRO 99.4 mg/l in MW G-14 (decrease from 2003), benzene 7.38 mg/l in MW G-14 (decrease from 2003), toulene 21 mg/L in MW G-14 (decrease from 2003), ethylbenzene 1.29 mg/L in G-14 (decrease from 2003). MW G-9 had detects but below ADEC cleanup levels. MW G-14 contained the higest level of contamination. Sheen was not observed in any of the five wells, but hydrocarbon odor was noted in MW G-13. Grant Lidren
9/5/2008 Site Characterization Workplan Approved ADEC has reviewed the work plan titled, "Work Plan for Annual Water Quality Monitoring for Deadhorse Airport Facility", submitted by Oasis, dated August 28, 2008, and recieved by ADEC on this date. Five MWs (G9, G13, G14, G16, and G18) will be sampled September 15th. Per ADEC comments, two surface water samples at the south west end of the property near MW G-18 will also be collected and analyzed for BTEX and PAHs. Grant Lidren
2/11/2009 Document, Report, or Work plan Review - other The ADEC received the 2008 ERA Annual Monitoring Report Lot 5A Block 900, on February 11, 2009 submitted by Oasis. MWs G9, G13, G14, G18, & G19 (note: G19 was mistakenly sampled instead of G16) were sampled and surface water sampled SW1 and SW2 were collected from the surface water collected west and south of the property respectfully. The MWs contained up to 22.2 mg/L GRO (G14), 4.65 mg/L DRO (G13), and 6.59 mg/L benzene (G13). Contaminant concentrations in the GW are generally stable or declining. Surface water sample SW1 contained up to 0.0053 benzene. Grant Lidren
7/7/2009 Update or Other Action Received an APDES Inspection Report from ADEC Division of Water on this date. Inspection of the outfall lift station, located next to G15, did not indicate an olfactory presence of petroleum. The access hatch, when opened, did not contain gasoline, diesel or sweet smells. Grant Lidren
9/7/2010 Document, Report, or Work plan Review - other On this date, ADEC reviewed the Work Plan for Biennial Water Quality Monitoring for Deadhorse Airport Facility, submitted by Oasis, dated September 1, 2010. On September 13, 2010, groundwater samples from five MWs (G9, G13, G14, G16, and G18) will be analyzed for GRO, DRO, and BTEX; and two surface water samples at the south west end of the property will be analyzed for BTEX and PAHs. Grant Lidren
1/6/2011 Document, Report, or Work plan Review - other On this date, ADEC reviewed the Report for 2010 Biennial Water Quality Monitoring for Deadhorse Airport Facility, submitted by Oasis, dated January 5, 2011. On September 13, 2010, groundwater samples from five MWs (G9, G13, G14, G16, and G18) were analyzed for GRO, DRO, and BTEX; and two surface water samples at the south west end of the property were analyzed for BTEX and PAHs. The MWs contained GRO up to 60.3 mg/L (G14), DRO up to 15.0 mg/L (G13), toluene up to 19.30 mg/L (G14), ethylbenzene up to 1.45 (G14), and benzene up to 8.91 mg/L (G13). A surface water sample SW1 contained benzene at 0.0113 mg/L, TAH at 0.0456 mg/L, and TAqH at 0.0461 mg/L. Grant Lidren
8/3/2012 Update or Other Action Biennial groundwater monitoring will be postponed until the summer of 2013 due to upgrades and construction at the Deadhorse airport runway. Grant Lidren
8/2/2013 Update or Other Action On this date, ADEC reviewed the Final Work Plan for Biennial Water Quality Monitoring for Deadhorse Airport Facility, submitted by ERM, dated July 30, 2013. Groundwater samples from five MWs (G9, G13, G14, G16, and G18) will be analyzed for GRO, DRO, BTEX, and PAHs. Grant Lidren
2/4/2014 Site Characterization Report Approved On this date, ADEC received 2013 Biennial Water Quality Monitoring Report ERA Helicopters Facility, Deadhorse, Alaska submitted by ERM dated January 2014. On September 7th to 9th, 2013, groundwater samples from five MWs (G9, G13, G14, G16, and G18) were analyzed for GRO, DRO, and BTEX; and two surface water samples at the south west end of the property were analyzed for BTEX and PAHs. All of the MWs contained petroleum constituents above cleanup levels with the exception of G9. G13, G14, G16, and G18 contained: GRO up to 35.2 mg/L (G14), DRO up to 3.69 mg/L (G18), and benzene up to 6.07mg/L (G13). A surface water sample SW1 contained benzene at 0.006 mg/L, TAH at 0.0307 mg/L, and TAqH at 0.0313 mg/L. Grant Lidren
9/15/2015 Document, Report, or Work plan Review - other Reviewed the 2015 Biennial Water Quality Monitoring Work Plan, dated August 2015. Activities in the work plan mainly consist of collecting pad pore water samples from six monitoring wells (G9, G13, G14, G15, G16, and G18) and collecting two surface water samples from two ponds located on site. All samples will be analyzed for one or more of the following: gasoline range organics (GRO), diesel range organics (DRO), polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and/or benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX). Joshua Barsis
3/25/2016 Document, Report, or Work plan Review - other Reviewed the 2015 Biennial Water Quality Monitoring Report, dated February 2016. Activities were completed in September 2015 and mainly consisted of collecting water samples from six groundwater monitoring wells (G9, G13 through G16, and G18), and from a storm water drainage pond (Samples SW1 and SW2). The objective of this work was to provide current information on petroleum hydrocarbon levels and distribution in the pad pore water and surface water. All of the water samples collected during this event were submitted for laboratory analysis of one or more of the following: gasoline range organics (GRO), diesel range organics (DRO), benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX), polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), total aromatic hydrocarbons (TAH), and/or total aqueous hydrocarbons (TAqH). Concentrations of GRO ranged between 0.317 mg/l and 33.7 mg/l and exceeded ADEC cleanup levels in Wells G13, G15, and G18; DRO ranged from 0.33 mg/l to 4.3 mg/l and exceeded cleanup levels in Wells G9, G13, G15, and G18; benzene ranged between 0.0005 mg/l and 2.14 mg/l and exceeded cleanup levels in Wells G9, G13, G14, G16, and G18; levels of TAH ranged from 0.0309 mg/l to 4.595 mg/l and exceeded the Alaska Water Quality Standards (AWQS) in Wells G9, G13, G14, G16, and G18. Samples collected from the storm water drainage pond did not exceed AWQS. Recommendations provided in the report include continued biennial monitoring of the pad pore water and drainage pond, and replacement of a missing monument at well G18. ADEC concurs with the recommendation. ADEC response to report letter sent 3-25-2016. Joshua Barsis
5/4/2017 Document, Report, or Work plan Review - other Reviewed the 2017 Biennial Water Quality Monitoring Work Plan, dated March 2017 for the ERA Aviation Deadhorse Spill site. Proposed activities include collecting pad pore water samples from six monitoring wells (G9, G13, G14, G15, G16, and G18) and collecting two surface water samples from two ponds located on site. All samples will be analyzed for one or more of the following: gasoline range organics (GRO), diesel range organics (DRO), polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and/or benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX). Joshua Barsis
11/15/2017 Document, Report, or Work plan Review - other Reviewed the 2017 Biennial Water Quality Monitoring Report, dated November 2017. Field activities were completed on August 16, 2017 and consisted of collecting porewater samples from six monitoring wells (G9, G13 through G16, and G18), and from a storm water drainage pond (Samples SW1 and SW2). Except for the sample collected from Well MW9, all porewater samples exhibited contaminant concentrations above the referenced Table C groundwater cleanup levels and above Alaska Water Quality Standards (AWQS) calculated total aromatic hydrocarbons (TAH) and total aqueous hydrocarbons (TAqH). Only Sample SW1 collected from surface water exhibited levels of TAH and TAqH above AWQS. Sample SW2 was below the AWQS. Recommendations provided in the report include continued biennial monitoring of the pad pore water and drainage pond, along with surveying the wells to determine the porewater flow direction and gradient. ADEC concurs with this recommendation, however also requested sampling of the existing boundary wells to better determine the current extent of contamination and an evaluation of the vapor intrusion pathway. A work plan was requested by March 1, 2019. Joshua Barsis
4/18/2019 Document, Report, or Work plan Review - other Reviewed the 2019 Biennial Water Quality Monitoring Work Plan, dated April 17, 2019. Proposed activities consist of collecting water samples from 10 porewater monitoring wells (Wells G7 through G9 and G13 through G19) and from two nearby surface water locations (SW1 and SW2). Well samples will be submitted for laboratory analysis of gasoline range organics (GRO), diesel range organics (DRO), and benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX). Additionally, one well sample will be analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Surface water samples will be analyzed for BTEX and PAHs for comparison to the Alaska Water Quality Standards (AWQS) total aromatic hydrocarbons (TAH) and total aqueous hydrocarbons (TAqH). Joshua Barsis
10/17/2019 Document, Report, or Work plan Review - other Reviewed the 2019 Biennial Water Quality Monitoring Report, dated September 27, 2019. Activities were completed in July 2019 and consisted of collecting water samples from 10 porewater monitoring wells (Wells G9 and G11 through G19) and from two storm water drainage ponds (Samples SW1 and SW2). All porewater samples were submitted for laboratory analysis of gasoline range organics (GRO), diesel range organics (DRO), and benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX). Additionally, one of the wells was analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). All surface water samples were analyzed for BTEX and PAHs for comparison to the Alaska Water Quality Standards (AWQS) total aromatic hydrocarbons (TAH) and total aqueous hydrocarbons (TAqH). Although originally planned, Wells G7 and G8 were not sampled because they could not be located and are presumed destroyed; thus Wells G11 and G12 were sampled in lieu of G7 and G8. Except for the samples collected from Wells G11 and G12, all porewater samples exhibited contaminant concentrations above the referenced Table C groundwater cleanup levels and above AWQS for TAH and, where calculated, TAqH. Both surface water samples were below AWQS for TAH and TAqH. Report recommendations include continued biennial monitoring of Wells G9, G14, G15, G16, G17, G18, G19, and from the drainage ponds; and an expanded well survey within the building. ADEC concurs with these recommendations, but asked that G11 and G12 be included in the 2021 event. Also, it is noted that the porewater plume has not been completely delineated. Joshua Barsis
11/14/2023 Document, Report, or Work plan Review - other Reviewed the 2022 Biennial Water Quality Monitoring Report, dated March 21, 2023. Water quality monitoring activities were completed in September 2022 and consisted of collecting water samples from seven porewater monitoring wells (Wells G9, G11 and G14 through G18) and from two surface water ponds (Samples SW1 and SW2). Each of the porewater samples were submitted for laboratory analysis of gasoline range organics (GRO), diesel range organics (DRO), and benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX). Additionally, one of the wells was analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Wells G7 and G8 are presumed to be destroyed and have been replaced by samples from wells G11 and G12. Monitoring well G12 was dry during the September 2022 sampling event. Porewater samples exhibited contaminant concentrations above the referenced Table C Groundwater Cleanup Levels (CUL) and above Water Quality Standards (AWQS) for total aromatic hydrocarbons (TAH) and, where calculated, total aqueous hydrocarbons (TAqH). Except for the samples collected from well G11, each of the wells had BTEX constituents detected above their respective CULs, GRO was detected above the CUL in three wells, DRO above the CUL in 4 wells, and the well sampled for PAH (G14), also had a detection of naphthalene that exceeded the DEC CUL. Each of the surface water samples were submitted for laboratory analysis for BTEX and PAHs for comparison to the TAH and TAqH AWQS. Surface water samples from SW1 and SW2 were below AWQS for TAH and TAqH. Report recommendations include continued biennial monitoring of Wells G9, G14, G15, G16, G17, G18, G19, and from the drainage ponds with the next sampling event to take place in 2024. The DEC concurs with these recommendations, but requests that G11 and G12 also be included in the 2024 event. The report notes that the porewater fuel contaminant plume has not been completely delineated on the eastern and western boundaries of the site. However, for wells located on the west (G9) and east (G14) sides of the site the trend analysis shows stable trends for DRO, GRO, and/or benzene. Andrea Carlson

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